How do I identify the particular Linux flavor via command line?

Try the below command.... It worked for me...

cat /proc/version

Once you know that you are running Red Hat for example, you can get to the point with:

cat /etc/redhat-release

Or on Debian:

cat /etc/debian_version

or in general :

cat /etc/*-release

Also you could use the following command

cat /etc/issue